भारतीय संविधान घटनाक्रम भाग-३

#The_Constitutional_History_of_India – भाग ३

आता हा 1919 चा कायदा कसा उत्क्रांत होत गेला त्याच्या इतिहासाकडे नजर टाकायला हवी..तो खालीलप्रमाणे आहे..

1919 चा ऍक्ट कार्यान्वित होण्याआधी एकूण तीन कमिट्यांची नेमणूक करण्यात आली होती ज्यांनी *नोव्हेम्बर 1918 ते मार्च 1919* च्या दरम्यान भारतात दौरे केले.

The Government, on its own continued to press It’s recommendations. Three committees were set up. i.e.,

1) #The_Southborough_Franchise_Committee

2) The Feetham Function Committee

3) The Committee of Home Administration

The Members of these committees toured various parts of the country from November 1918 to March 1919.

The (Southborough) Franchise committee was headed by Lord Southborough. It recommended that the qualification of the voters should be based on property and residence within a constituency. It did not suggest the granting of franchise to women. It suggested replacement of indirect election for the Provincial Legislature by a system to direct election. However, it recommended direct election to the Legislative Assembly and the Council of State. It also favoured the extension of separate electorates to communities other than Muslims & Sikhs.

The (Feetham) Function Committee, headed by Richard Feetham, recommended the allocation of subjects between the center and provinces. It also made recommendation on division of provincial subjects into the Reserved and Transferred categories.

The Committee on Home Administration was set up under Lord Crewe. It recommended for the reorganization of Council of India, the appointment of High Commissioner for India in London, and placing of charge on account of political and administrative work of India office on the British exchequer.

Finally Montagu introduced the Government of India Bill in Parliament of Britain in June 1919.

The Bill was referred to Joint Select Committee headed by Lord Selbourn. The Joint Select Committee approved the main recommendations of the three committees but it rejected Franchise Committee’s proposal that the members of the Legislative Assembly and those of the Council of State should be elected indirectly. Similarly, it rejected the proposed reorganization of the Council of India by Crewe Committee. The Bill, after Modification, in accordance with the recommendations of Joint Select Committee became act receiving Royal Assent on December 23, 1919.

या कायद्याविषयी बोलतांना तेव्हाचा ब्रिटनचा राजा जॉर्ज-पंचम ने खालील विधान केले आहे…

On the same day the King-Emperor- George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936.) issued a proclamation which reviewed the course of parliamentary legislation for India and the intent of the act:

“The Acts of 1773 and 1784 were designed to establish a regular system of administration and justice under the Honorable East India Company. The Act of 1833 opened the door for Indians to public office and employment. The Act of 1858 transferred the administration from the Company to the Crown and laid the foundations of public life which exist in India to-day. The Act of 1861 sowed the seed of representative institutions, and the seed was quickened into life by the Act of 1909. 💥The Act which has now become law entrusts the elected representative of the people with a definite share in the Government and points the way to full responsible Government hereafter.”💥

…क्रमशः